Current Issues of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci., Vol. 35, No. 3, 123-128

Zoriana Ivanovna Piskur¹*, Lesya Pylypiv², Olga Shvets³,
Manana Sakhelashvili¹, Olga Kostyk¹, Olga Sakhelashvili-Bil¹

¹ The Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
² Department of Internal Medicine №2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
³ Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

  10.2478/cipms-2022-0023

​© 2022 Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonComercial-No Derivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/)

Abstract

Pediatric tuberculosis is a health problem of special significance because it is a marker for current transmission of tuberculosis in society. The research aimed at analyzing the peculiarities of detection and course of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) taking into account the profile of drug resistance. A retrospective study of medical charts of children with EPTB (n = 47; 1st group) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) (n = 49; 2nd group) aged 0-15 for 2013-2020 has been conducted. 2 subgroups with EPTB were identified separately: resistant (EPRTB) (n = 23) and sensitive (EPSTB) (n = 24). Results and discussion. The frequency of EPTB was 9.8%. Tuberculosis of peripheral LN (40.5%), CNS (27.7%), bones and joints (23.4%) was significantly more often diagnosed, than other lesions. Almost half of children with EPTB had a miliary distribution. 
In 44.7% of children with EPTB contact with a patient with tuberculosis was not established. EPRTB was significantly more common among children under 1 and up to 3 years of age than EPSTB. The resistance to combination of HR (73.6%) was found more often than to HRES (10.5%), HRS, H and Z (5.3% each; p<0.01). In 73.9% of children with EPRTB was detected when seeking medical care, in 13.0% the time to diagnosing lasted 6 months. Among children with EPRTB, gradual course was more frequent and in 47.8% intoxication syndrome was dominating. 78.3% of children with EPRTB were not vaccinated.

Conclusion. The above indicates the need to intensify preventive measures against tuberculosis among children, especially at risk groups, make monitoring of contacts and their treatment.

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Keywords

drug resistance, pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, pediatric tuberculosis.